WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION (WPS)
Clause 5 — Prequalified — AWS D1.1:2020
WPS Number
WIQ-PQ-SMAW-120
Title
SMAW E7018 — Fillet-Lap Joint — Group II — All Position
JOINT DESIGN
Code Reference
Figure 5.3 / Table 7.7 / Clause 2.4.5
DESIGNATION: Fillet — Lap Joint
| DIMENSION | AS DETAILED | AS FIT-UP TOLERANCE | NOTES |
|---|
| Fillet Size (min per Table 7.7) | Per thicker part | −0 | — |
| T ≤ 1/4 in | 1/8 in min | −0 | — |
| T = 1/4 to 1/2 in | 3/16 in min | −0 | — |
| T = 1/2 to 3/4 in | 1/4 in min | −0 | — |
| T > 3/4 in | 5/16 in min | −0 | — |
| Overlap (min) | 5T (min 1 in) | +unlimited, −0 | Lap joint overlap per D1.1 Clause 2.4.5 |
| Root Opening (gap) | 0 | max 3/16 in | If >1/16 in, increase leg by gap |
BASE METAL
Specifications
A36 (all thk), A53 Gr B, A500 Gr B/C, A501, A516 Gr 65/70, A529 Gr 50/55, A572 Gr 42, A572 Gr 50, A572 Gr 55, A588, A709 Gr 36, A709 Gr 50, A709 Gr 50S, A709 Gr 50W, A709 HPS50W, A710 Gr A, A913 Gr 50, A992, A1011 HSLAS Gr 50, A1018, A1085, API 5L X52, API 5L X60, API 5L X65, ABS Gr A/B/D/E
Thickness Range
1/8 in to unlimited
POSITION
Qualified Positions
1F, 2F, 3F, 4F
Vertical Progression
uphill
PREHEAT & INTERPASS TEMPERATURE
Minimum Preheat
32°F (≤3/4 in) / 50°F (>3/4–1-1/2 in) / 150°F (>1-1/2–2-1/2 in) / 300°F (>2-1/2 in)
Code Reference
Table 5.8, Category B
APPROVED FILLER METAL SIZES
Welder may use any size listed below. Each size has its own amperage/voltage range and position limit per Table 5.1.
| Size | Class | Amps | Volts | Position Limit | Notes |
|---|
| 3/32 in | E7018 | 70-110 | 19-22 | All | Any pass |
| 1/8 in | E7018 | 110-160 | 20-24 | All | Any pass |
| 5/32 in | E7018 | 140-200 | 22-26 | All | Any pass |
| 3/16 in | E7018 | 175-250 | 22-28 | V/OH max — Table 5.1 | Any pass |
| 7/32 in | E7018 | 210-300 | 23-28 | F/H only | Any pass |
| 1/4 in | E7018 | 250-350 | 24-30 | F/H only | Any pass |
| 5/16 in | E7018 | 300-400 | 25-32 | F/H fillet max (Table 5.1) | Any pass |
WELDING PARAMETERS
| Pass | Process | Filler / Class | Size | Current | Amps | Volts | Speed | Technique |
|---|
| Single/Root | SMAW | E7018 | 3/32 in | DCEP | 70-110 | 19-22 | 3-7 in/min | either / uphill |
| Single/Root | SMAW | E7018 | 1/8 in | DCEP | 110-160 | 20-24 | 4-8 in/min | either / uphill |
| Single/Root | SMAW | E7018 | 5/32 in | DCEP | 140-200 | 22-26 | 5-10 in/min | either / uphill |
| Fill | SMAW | E7018 | 3/32 in | DCEP | 70-110 | 19-22 | 3-7 in/min | either / uphill |
| Fill | SMAW | E7018 | 1/8 in | DCEP | 110-160 | 20-24 | 4-8 in/min | either / uphill |
| Fill | SMAW | E7018 | 5/32 in | DCEP | 140-200 | 22-26 | 5-10 in/min | either / uphill |
PREQUALIFIED VARIABLE TOLERANCES (TABLE 5.2)
| VARIABLE | TOLERANCE | NOTES |
|---|
| Amperage (Current) | ± 10% | From values specified on WPS |
| Voltage | ± 15% | From values specified on WPS |
| Travel Speed | ± 25% | From values specified on WPS |
TABLE 5.1 ADDITIONAL LIMITS
•SMAW max electrode: 1/4 in (groove F/H), 5/16 in (fillet F/H), 5/32 in (V/OH)
•Pass width at surface ≥ pass depth (width/depth rule)
•Vertical progression: uphill (except undercut repair with ≥70°F preheat)
TECHNIQUE
Cleaning
Wire brush/grind. Remove all slag.
FIELD TIPS — WeldIQ
▸Keep electrodes in a hot rod oven (250-300°F) until use. Low-hydrogen rods exposed >4 hours must be re-baked per manufacturer spec.
▸E7018: drag technique (slight push angle). Keep a tight arc — long arc = porosity and lost low-hydrogen protection.
▸Aim at the root of the joint (corner). Most common fillet defect is incomplete fusion at the root due to wrong gun angle.
▸For multipass fillets: first pass tight into root (45°), subsequent passes stacked with slight overlap. Each pass fuses both legs.
▸Verify preheat with a temperature-indicating crayon (Tempilstik) or contact pyrometer. Check 3 inches from the weld on both sides.
CODE CITATIONS
D1.1:2020 Clause 5.2 · Table 5.3 Group II · Table 7.7 · Clause 2.4.5 · Table 5.8 Cat B
Generated by WeldIQ™ · AWS D1.1:2020 · Prequalified per Clause 5 — Prequalified