WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION (WPS)
Clause 5 — Prequalified — AWS D1.1:2020
WPS Number
WIQ-PQ-SMAW-112
Title
SMAW E7018 — CJP V-Groove 60° — Group III — 5G/6G Pipe
JOINT DESIGN
DESIGNATION: B-U2-GF (pipe)
| DIMENSION | AS DETAILED | AS FIT-UP TOLERANCE | NOTES |
|---|
| Groove Angle (α) | 60° | +10°, −5° | — |
| Root Opening (R) | 1/8 to 3/16 in | +1/16 in, −0 | Tack inside or use bridge tacks |
| Root Face (f) | 1/16 to 1/8 in | +1/16 in, −0 | — |
| Pipe Diameter | ≥ 4 in OD | — | D1.1 Clause 5 — prequalified ≥4 in |
BASE METAL
Specifications
A537 Cl 2, A572 Gr 60, A572 Gr 65, A633 Gr E, A709 Gr HPS70W, A710 Gr A Cl 3, A913 Gr 60, A913 Gr 65
Thickness Range
Schedule 40+ (wall ≥ 3/16 in)
POSITION
Qualified Positions
5G, 6G
Vertical Progression
uphill
PREHEAT & INTERPASS TEMPERATURE
Minimum Preheat
50°F (≤3/4 in) / 150°F (>3/4–1-1/2 in) / 225°F (>1-1/2–2-1/2 in) / 300°F (>2-1/2 in)
Code Reference
Table 5.8, Category C
APPROVED FILLER METAL SIZES
Welder may use any size listed below. Each size has its own amperage/voltage range and position limit per Table 5.1.
| Size | Class | Amps | Volts | Position Limit | Notes |
|---|
| 3/32 in | E7018 | 70-110 | 19-22 | All | 3/32 or 1/8 for pipe |
| 1/8 in | E7018 | 110-160 | 20-24 | All | 3/32 or 1/8 for pipe |
WELDING PARAMETERS
| Pass | Process | Filler / Class | Size | Current | Amps | Volts | Speed | Technique |
|---|
| Root | SMAW | E7018 | 3/32 in | DCEP | 70-110 | 19-22 | 3-7 in/min | either / uphill |
| Root | SMAW | E7018 | 1/8 in | DCEP | 110-160 | 20-24 | 4-8 in/min | either / uphill |
| Hot Pass | SMAW | E7018 | 3/32 in | DCEP | 70-110 | 19-22 | 3-7 in/min | either / uphill |
| Hot Pass | SMAW | E7018 | 1/8 in | DCEP | 110-160 | 20-24 | 4-8 in/min | either / uphill |
| Fill | SMAW | E7018 | 3/32 in | DCEP | 70-110 | 19-22 | 3-7 in/min | either / uphill |
| Fill | SMAW | E7018 | 1/8 in | DCEP | 110-160 | 20-24 | 4-8 in/min | either / uphill |
| Cap | SMAW | E7018 | 3/32 in | DCEP | 70-110 | 19-22 | 3-7 in/min | either / uphill |
| Cap | SMAW | E7018 | 1/8 in | DCEP | 110-160 | 20-24 | 4-8 in/min | either / uphill |
PREQUALIFIED VARIABLE TOLERANCES (TABLE 5.2)
| VARIABLE | TOLERANCE | NOTES |
|---|
| Amperage (Current) | ± 10% | From values specified on WPS |
| Voltage | ± 15% | From values specified on WPS |
| Travel Speed | ± 25% | From values specified on WPS |
TABLE 5.1 ADDITIONAL LIMITS
•SMAW max electrode: 1/4 in (groove F/H), 5/16 in (fillet F/H), 5/32 in (V/OH)
•Pass width at surface ≥ pass depth (width/depth rule)
•Vertical progression: uphill (except undercut repair with ≥70°F preheat)
TECHNIQUE
Cleaning
Grind root pass. Wire brush/grind between passes.
FIELD TIPS — WeldIQ
▸Keep electrodes in a hot rod oven (250-300°F) until use. Low-hydrogen rods exposed >4 hours must be re-baked per manufacturer spec.
▸E7018: drag technique (slight push angle). Keep a tight arc — long arc = porosity and lost low-hydrogen protection.
▸Open root: fit-up is EVERYTHING. Consistent root opening = consistent penetration. Check gap at least every 12 inches.
▸Use bridge tacks or tack from inside when possible. Tacks in the groove must be ground to feather edge before root pass.
▸Pipe: weld 12→6 clock on one side, then 12→6 on the other. Tie-ins at 6 and 12 o'clock need extra attention.
▸6G: the 2 o'clock and 8 o'clock positions are the hardest — transitioning between vertical and overhead. Reduce amperage slightly there.
▸Internal purge may be required for certain specs (stainless, alloy). Check project requirements.
▸Verify preheat with a temperature-indicating crayon (Tempilstik) or contact pyrometer. Check 3 inches from the weld on both sides.
CODE CITATIONS
D1.1:2020 Clause 5.2 · Table 5.3 Group III · Table 5.8 Cat C
Generated by WeldIQ™ · AWS D1.1:2020 · Prequalified per Clause 5 — Prequalified